Transaction Layer
The inner layer represents primary stakeholders that manage transfer of goods
& services
1. Buyers: The governmental & institutional bodies that procure or consume the
goods & services
2. Sellers: The local, national & international bodies that create or render
goods & services for the consumption. These could be Original Equipment
Manufacturers, Resellers for OEM goods and/or marginalized and/or Medium Small
Enterprises
Enablement Layer
The middle layer represents secondary players in the ecosystem but play a
pivotal role for an efficient & transparent procurement process. They can
become part of the ecosystem through seamless integrations and AI
interventions
1. Logistic Providers: The agents that support transit of goods consignment from
the supplier location/warehouse to the buyer consignee location through multiple
routes of land, water or air. The status, tracking & customer support from
logistic providers if seamlessly integrated into the buyers & sellers systems
lead to a holistically updated engine that allows both buyers & sellers to
efficiently manage their upstream or downstream operations
Orchestration Layer
The outermost layer may be the indirect players in the procurement process
between two direct bodies of buyers & sellers, their intervention has a
paramount role for success of large-scale procurement engagement such as
public procurement for masses
1. Banks & Financial Institutions: The Banks & Financial Institutions present a
very pertinent role in the ecosystem by becoming a) a source of supply chain &
trade financing for the buyers & sellers b) a medium for timely and reliable
source of payments to the sellers by invoice discounting
2. Social Institutions, World Banks & other MDBs: With the overarching goal to
promote growth & development for the underprivileged across the world, mentioned
institutions are a prime player in the ecosystem by enabling funding &
technology support to the ecosystem
3. Government Oversight Bodies: The regulatory & compliance bodies that serve as
watchdogs for a transparent, inclusive & compliant process
